Cold War Leaders: Truman vs Stalin

Focus

"impact" of leaders on the "course" and "development" of the the cold war"

policiesだけでなく、しっかりrole/impactにつなげるの大事

Introduction

after Roosevelt, who was more appeasing to Stalin

leaders when the world changed from multipolar to bipolar world. (Weakened Europe after WW2)

They were two competing systems, each convinced of their own rectitude and of the expansionist plans of the other.

Each saw others as threat

from the start, 1918 American intervention in Russia

Both aimed to create their sphere of influence in Europe

NATO, Warsaw Pact

Both Stalin and Truman pursued ideological confrontation

Truman Doctrine: Policy of proactive containment against Soviet sphere of influence, instead of Isolationism before

‘two camps’ doctrine: World divided to "imperialistic" led by US, and "democratic" led by USSR, artists and intelligentsias had to follow this perspective

Divided Europe

Both intervened in Asia to

multipolar to bipolar

Different Tactics

-.icon

General Policies

Baruch plan by the US, to keep American monopoly

sims

Both Stalin and Truman pursued ideological confrontation

Truman Doctrine: Policy of proactive containment against Soviet sphere of influence, instead of Isolationism before

‘two camps’ doctrine: World divided to "imperialistic" led by US, and "democratic" led by USSR, artists and intelligentsias had to follow this perspective

Both used their military capability to confront the other.

Both engaged in an arms race.

Both pursued ‘containment’ of the other in Europe and other regions.

difs

Different apporach of containment

Truman relied initially on the ability to threaten the use of nuclear weapons to contain the Soviets

TODO: Example

Stalin more relied on conventional forces.

TODO: Data

Regional Policies (Asia)

Dropped 2 A-bombs to Japan, to alert the Russians the US force

sim/difs of those general policies are reflected to the developemnt of the cold war in different regions, ex Asia

sims

Both intervened in Asia to establish spheres of influence.

Korean War:

Vietnam:

Truman sent military advisors

dif

Korean War

Korean War:

Vietnam

Regional Policies (Europe)

NATO: military backup between US and Western Europe

Reasons: Safety for US, Increase of influence

Revisionist Interpretation: Created from hostility to Stalin

Warsaw Pact:

Revisionist Interpretation: Created to protect themselves from NATO

sims

Both focused on Germany as a key strategic territory.

Both broke the agreements made at Yalta and Potsdam.

difs

approach

Truman used the economic strength of the USA to gain political influence in Western Europe;

Stalin used conventional military strength to gain political control in Eastern Europe.

economic

Truman responded to Western Europeans, particularly the British, asking for economic assistance (that is, Marshall Aid)

Eastern Europeans were forced by Stalin to join COMECON.

Truman broke agreements on Germany economically speaking, with the introduction of a new currency into the western sectors, whereas Stalin broke the political agreements.

Stalin

unfair elections, broke yalta

Truman

west germany, broke yalta

unification of Us, British, French territories, Bizonia

new constitution (means new nation)

currency

Claim / Conclusion

They have minor differences on their apporaches, but their aim were the same.

They both attempted to increase their influence and contain the others, using policital, economic and militaristic power.

Thus, they had large role on ending the Grand Alliance and starting the confrontation

Note

TrumanとStalinの被ってる時期をめいんにはなすべき

例えばwarsaw pactはtrumanいなかったから、メインには話さない方が良いかも

ただ、show contextするために軽く言及した方が良さそう

範囲外も軽く触れることで、show contextする

Sources

Pearson Textbook p242

QUotesもある

Cold War and Americas

最初のところ、Truman and the Cold War

これ使えばpaper 3 (hl) contentも入るので良い

授業で作った表

https://gyazo.com/06959724d0e5a966578406705eb6dc9b

? Compare and contrast the roles of two Cold war leaders from different regions in the development of the Cold War.

? Analyse the roles of two Cold war leaders from different regions in the development of the Cold War.

analyseとかdiscussの可能性もある